Erosion is the process in which the rocks and soils are moved from one place to another. Natural forces, such as the wind or water flow cause this. Aside from the natural forces, man also plays a part in the erosion problem. Erosion causes ineffectiveness in agriculture. In order to prevent erosion, erosion control schemes are carried out. Erosion control matting is a temporary solution that supports plant growth and enables the reinforcement of the soil. It is executed by placing a mat or blanket either made from natural material (biodegradable mats) and synthetic materials (non-biodegradable mats). They help battle erosion problems, ensure that soil is balanced for, promotes seed protection, weed control for a successful vegetation. Among the many uses are wetland and stream bank restorations, erosion and filtration control, slope stabilization, and tidal areas/boat wash, embankments of highways, landfill caps and many more.
Generally, erosion mats are categorized into two kinds, the biodegradable mats and non-biodegradables ones. They primarily differ in the material used as well as the thickness of the mat and its relevant applications.
Biodegradable mats are made from natural fibers, and since it’s 100% natural and is easy to absorb moisture and for degradation to occur when the plants grow. It provides an all-natural way of vegetation development making it more suitable for the plant growth. These biodegradable mats can last from 3 months up to 3 years. Some of the natural materials that compose biodegradable mats are jute fibers, coconut fiber, and curled wood fiber, straw blanket.
In contrast, non-biodegradable mats can last up to 10 years, being made from synthetic material. For long-term erosion control, non-biodegradable material is the better option. They are considered to be more durable but are ineffective in keeping moisture needed for plant growth compared to biodegradable mats. Some of the non-biodegradable mats are made from plastics, bonded synthetic fiber, and geofabric.
Each has an appropriate use and application; thus, caution should be considered when executing erosion control matting. Site inspection is needed to ensure that all planning goes well and maintenance to address common problems that arise.
